Barnard's star, an M3.5-4 V star, has 4 confirmed planets.
Measured
Distance
about 6 light-years
Star's spectral type
M3.5-4 V
Confirmed planets
4
How far, from the Sun
About 6 light-years. To cross it:
Light6 years
Voyager 1's speed107,000 years
Driving at 100 km/h64.8 million years
Voyager 1 at the speed it moved outward over the year to 2026-10-25 (JPL Horizons). Driving: nonstop, never refuelling.
How it was found
First planet found in 2024, by radial velocity (NASA Exoplanet Archive).
Its planets
Barnard c — 0.7 times Earth's width (estimated from its mass, not measured), smaller than the Earth; its year lasts 4 days; about 130 °C, hotter than boiling water; found in 2025 by radial velocity.
Barnard b — 0.7 times Earth's width (estimated from its mass, not measured), smaller than the Earth; its year lasts 3 days; about 170 °C, hotter than boiling water; found in 2024 by radial velocity.
Barnard e — 0.6 times Earth's width (estimated from its mass, not measured), smaller than the Earth; its year lasts 7 days; about 67 °C, between freezing and boiling; found in 2025 by radial velocity.
Barnard d — 0.7 times Earth's width (estimated from its mass, not measured), smaller than the Earth; its year lasts 2 days; about 210 °C, hotter than boiling water; found in 2025 by radial velocity.
NASA Exoplanet Archive, Planetary Systems Composite Parameters (fetched 2026-11-02). Composite values: where a planet's size or mass was not measured, the archive estimates it from the other.
This research has made use of the NASA Exoplanet Archive, which is operated by the California Institute of Technology, under contract with NASA under the Exoplanet Exploration Program.