فوياجر 1 بالسرعة التي ابتعد بها خلال السنة حتى 2026-10-25 (JPL Horizons). القيادة: دون توقف، ودون التزود بالوقود أبدًا.
كيف اكتُشف
اكتُشف أول كوكب عام 2011 بطرق تغيرات توقيت العبور والعبور والسرعة الشعاعية (أرشيف ناسا للكواكب الخارجية).
كواكبه
Kepler-19 c — 3.7 times Earth's width (estimated from its mass, not measured), a 'sub-Neptune' — bigger than Earth, smaller than Neptune; its year lasts 29 days; about 320 °C, hotter than boiling water; found in 2011 by transit timing variations.
Kepler-19 b — 2.2 times Earth's width, a 'sub-Neptune' — bigger than Earth, smaller than Neptune; its year lasts 9 days; about 580 °C, hotter than boiling water; found in 2011 by transit.
Kepler-19 d — 5.1 times Earth's width (estimated from its mass, not measured), Neptune-sized; its year lasts 63 days; found in 2017 by radial velocity.
NASA Exoplanet Archive, Planetary Systems Composite Parameters (fetched 2026-11-02). Composite values: where a planet's size or mass was not measured, the archive estimates it from the other.
This research has made use of the NASA Exoplanet Archive, which is operated by the California Institute of Technology, under contract with NASA under the Exoplanet Exploration Program.